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Names of China
The name ''China'' is recorded in English from the mid 16th century. It is of uncertain origin, but likely derived from Middle Persian and ultimately Sanskrit, perhaps after the Qin dynasty. In Chinese, common names for China include ''Zhongguo'' (/) and ''Zhonghua'' (/), while ''Han'' (/) and ''Tang'' () are common names given for the Chinese ethnicity. Other names include ''Huaxia'' (華夏/华夏), ''Shenzhou'' (神州) and ''Jiuzhou'' (九州). The People's Republic of China (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó) and Republic of China (Zhōnghuá Mínguó) are the official names for the two contemporary sovereign states currently claiming sovereignty over the traditional area of China. "Mainland China" is used to refer to areas under the jurisdiction by the PRC usually excluding Hong Kong and Macau.
There are also names for China based on a certain ethnic group other than Han; examples include "Cathay" based on the Khitan and "Tabgach" based on the Tuoba.
==Sinitic names==
In mainland China, the term ''Zhongguo'' is used to refer to all territories claimed by the PRC, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.
''Zhonghua'' is a more literary term sometimes used synonymously with ''Zhongguo''; it appears in the official names of both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. ''Tang'' is used among southern Chinese, though some restrict the term further to refer to just the Cantonese or some other south Chinese language group.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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